Environmental safety
Ecological safety - a set of states, processes and actions that provide ecological balance in the environment and do not lead to vital damages (or threats of such damages) to the natural environment and human beings. It is also a process of ensuring protection of vital interests of an individual, society, nature, state and all mankind from real or potential threats created by anthropogenic or natural impact on the environment. The objects of environmental security are the rights, material and spiritual needs of the individual, natural resources and the natural environment or the material basis of state and social development.
The discipline includes information about the problems and prospects in the field of nature protection and environmental safety in the activities of enterprises. It is aimed at the formation of the environmental outlook of specialists in the use of professional knowledge in the field of environmental improvement of production, creation of machinery compatible with the environment, in the development of methods and means of environmental forecasting, regulation and control.
The goal of mastering the discipline
The purpose of the discipline is to form students' ideas and knowledge: about the biosphere as an integral system and intentional, unintentional, direct and indirect anthropogenic impacts on natural processes; about the ways of impact of economic activities on natural processes and the ability to plan measures to reduce environmental risk.
The skills you get
- Knowledge of environmental norms and standards to ensure environmental safety of business entities: enterprises, organizations.
- Planning measures for environmental protection and environmental risk reduction in the implementation of economic activities.
- Mastering the methods of control and procedure of eco-audit at enterprises in the field of nature protection and ensuring environmental safety in the activities of enterprises.
- Mastering the methods of assessment of environmental safety in economic activity of the enterprise and its impact on the environment.
Topics covered
- 1. Structure and Function of the Environment: The Earth System Fundamentals of Ecology. Ecological levels. The biosphere and the environment. Basic ecological factors. Structure, composition and main characteristics of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere.
- 2. Environmental problems of modern society: Direct and indirect sources of atmospheric pollution. Global warming. Depletion of the ozone layer. Formation of photochemical smog. Acid rain. Pollution of the hydrosphere. Sources of pollution. Eutrophication of water reservoirs. Pollution of lithosphere. Use of the Earth's surface.
- 3. Environmental protection: Legislation in the field of environmental protection. The main measures to protect the atmospheric air: the use of alternative fuels, reduction of emissions, equipment to control atmospheric pollution, sanitary protection zones. Hydrosphere protection. Water saving technologies. Recycling of water. Wastewater treatment. Disinfection. Integrated system of production and consumption waste management.
- 4. Anthropogenic metabolism: Phenomena of anthropogenic metabolism. Methodology of material flow analysis. Application of material flow analysis in solving environmental problems
When instructed
- 2nd year, 1st semester
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